1881 Water Penetration Due to Subgrade - Surface Water Control and Landscaping -

Image Text: Even though the grading around the house appears appropriate, the downspout discharge percolates down to the clay layer and collects next to the foundation where it may find its way into the building > porous soil (e.g. sand) > wall framing > downspout > floor framing > foundation wall > water flow > impervious soil (e.g. clay) > basement > perimeter drainage tile